When we drive up to an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) to withdraw cash quickly, we rarely think about the machine dispensing the cash. And that is part of the genius of the design. ATMs are machines that allow us to expedite a necessary task in life without worrying about the machine’s functionality. However, years of experimenting and development went in to the invention of the machine in order to make it safe, reliable, and secure so that we don’t have to think twice about it.

The first mechanical cash dispenser was developed in 1939 by Luther George Simijian and installed in New York City by the City Bank of New York. However, the machine was removed after only six months due to the lack of customer acceptance. People were uncomfortable using an unknown technology. The lack of acceptance for the first machine was a major reason that the next working ATM wasn’t implemented until twenty-five years later.

That machine, the first working ATM, was developed by De La Rue and installed at Barclays Bank in London, England in 1967. The invention was credited to engineer John Shepherd-Barron. The machine accepted a token or voucher and then dispensed pre-packaged envelopes of ten pounds sterling. The idea of using a Personal Identification Number or PIN was developed by a British engineer in 1965, shortly before the first networked ATM was invented.

Most ATMs today enable people to deposit and withdraw money from machines not belonging to their own bank account by using interbank networks. Donald Wetzel, a department head at Docutel, an automated baggage-handling company, developed the first networked ATM in 1968.

Today ATMs can be found just about anywhere. They allow us quick and easy access to funds and help the world’s economy function in more efficient ways.

Education City

Education City, based In Doha the capital of Qatar, spreads across 14 square kilometers of the area. It was a project started by Qatar foundation of Education with the aim and desire of making an educational complex that would be considered as centre of educational brilliance in Doha. The city comprises of schools, research centers and world class universities for higher education.

Education City isn’t only comprised of the local schools and colleges of Doha, as five of the leading Universities of America also have their branch campuses set up in Education city. The universities include Virginia Commonwealth University School of the Arts in Qatar that was established there in 1998 that offers graduate degree based on 4 years curriculum in the fields of Fine Arts, Fashion Designing, Interior Designing and Communication Designing. In 2001, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar was established that provides a two year Pre-Medical Program followed by a four year Medical Program that ultimately leads to the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Also in 2001, Academic Bridge Program was established as well in the Education City that trains and prepares secondary school graduates for admission in degree programs and acts as a foundation course. Later in 2003 Texas A&M University was grounded in Qatar offering the under-grad degrees in the field of electrical, chemical, petroleum and mechanical engineering.

Since 2007 the university has also been offering masters degree programs in engineering as well. Carnegie Mellon University came to Qatar in 2004 offering an under-grad degree for the studies of business, computer science and information systems. Georgetown University School of Foreign Service was set up in 2005 in Qatar, providing the students with bachelor’s degree in Foreign Service in four- year’s program. And in near future, in the year 2008, Northwestern University also announces of establishing campus in Education City, offering degrees in the field of Journalism and Communication.

Education City also features a learning centre that mainly focuses average potential students that faced some difficulties and problems in academically, and helps them improve and develop sound learning skills. http://www.360career.com  Education City is also comprised with Qatar Academy offering education to boys and girls on international standards from primary education up till their admission in University, hence the academy is accredited Academic Bridge Program based in USA, and Europe based Council of International Schools.

Qatar Foundation joined hands with RAND Corporation and formed RAND-Qatar Policy Institute, whose main job is to study the problems and difficulties faced by the clients based in Middle East, North Africa and South Asia, and provide and implement resulting solutions. Qatar Foundation is also investing a total of 300 million Dollars, in the construction of world class facility called Qatar Science & Technology Park spreading across 45,000 square meters, providing the companies from around the world with space for laboratory or office set up. Qatar foundation also plans to establish a medical research facility with the name of Sidra Medical and Research Center in 2010 that will offer research programs in the field of clinical care, medical training and biomedical research.

For more information about Education City visit:

http://www.360career.com/content/Education-City.asp

Even though we will wear a long gown in our wedding day, but it does not mean that we can choose any shoes. Wedding shoes are the important things in our appearance. No matter how long our wedding gown is, make sure to choose the perfect shoes because it will be shown when we are walking.

Besides the style, make sure to choose this mariée accessoires based on its comfort because we will wear the shoes all day long. Therefore, even though we love high heels, make sure to choose one with standard heels height because extremely high heels will only torture our feet.

Choose the shoes accessories that match our costume accessories. It will be helpful if we use custom shoes. It is important to pay attention to our appearance from coiffure mariage to our shoes. To get valuable info about wedding, make sure to visit Lesitedumariage.com. We will get complete guide for our wedding celebration there.